1999 Theorizing the City. Premium Customer Support If you are working on a project outside your home country or community, you must include at least one local collaborator on your team who is significantly involved in the project. Extinction and Survival in Human Populations. A. Stouffer, ed, Vol. Living expenses were calculated for the Co-PI to reside and work in Villa Israel, The National Geographic Society warmly welcomes and encourages applicants from historically and currently underrepresented and underserved populations to apply. Problem statement This involves the development and testing of a scale to assess water consumption, as well as conducting interviews to document variation of water use in a sample of households. h. Who will it be given to or loaned to? The ability of a household to acquire sufficient water depends on its per capita income and its exchange relationships with other households. Secret Discount Link 1980 Social Responses During Severe Food Shortages and Famine. The pre-application form can be completed in multiple sessions. Premium Sign up New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. You will be allowed to save your work and complete it at another time. 28 0 obj <> endobj 54 0 obj <>/Encrypt 29 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5BBA9DE1138C4E7687995D0E06FAE652>]/Index[28 52]/Info 27 0 R/Length 116/Prev 105012/Root 30 0 R/Size 80/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Fill out YEG pre-application for Conservation Trust (CT). Over six years of coursework, I have acquired a solid four-field education in anthropology that enables me to understand the cultural, biological, historical, and symbolic aspects of water scarcity and conflict. This item has been moved from budget item B4 to B6 because it requests funds for out-of-country employees. Laughlin and Brady's (1978) model of adaptation describes how economic and social interactions fluctuate with seasonal patterns of resource scarcity. water acquired by each household from all sources at the time of each interview, and will also ask the person responsible for collecting water to assess how much water was collected that day. H. Russell Bernard (U. Florida), Anthony Oliver-Smith (U. Florida), Marianne Schmink (U. Florida). 2336/2339 Fax: (876)927-0253Email: vcoffice@uwimona.edu.jm Digital sound recorder $70 A-3000 transcription kit $100 If you apply for more than one year of funding, your proposal will be sent back to you to revise and resubmit for the next deadline. Journal of Peace Research 35(3):299-317. a. Fight Fraud against NGOs Having several The study also has practical applications for those seeking to anticipate and manage coming conflicts over scarce freshwater. Other key personnel/crew: Intellectual Merit Anthropological Quarterly Summer:485-517. Secret Discount Link NGS Grants Application Sample 1 of 9 NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY GRANT APPLICATION SAMPLE APPLICATION Please note: This application is for preparation purposes only and these questions are provided as a reference for developing your proposal. Projects are typically funded for US $5,000 and cannot exceed US $10,000. Also forms of 'ayuda' bind people together, or is it certain social units that provide ayuda? Laughlin and Brady's model was validated by a series of African famine case studies (Laughlin 1974, Cashdan The $70 estimate is for a new, low-end digital recorder on sale. The A-3000 transcription kit includes software, a headset, and a foot pedal. `:hixEEXhh*5qb"ZDpf.1H>r3Y ;H-yMP VK_!&-LGH\T\5/A#'hp,@&a}:f\$]I4%sC8]Z9i>-lmP5LS$ 4 0 obj Project the Policymaker Analysisdocument and remind students that one of the criteria for the project is a summary of a policymaker analysis. The estimate of $2160 assumes that half of the players will send nothing (so that the cost of the interaction is $3) and half of the players send the full amount (so that the cost of the interaction is $9). As the winter dry season progresses, the impacts of water scarcity become increasingly severe. You may submit a proposal as the project leader for only one project at a time. Following anthropologists who have modified experimental economic methods to study economic behaviors in 15 small-scale societies (Henrich et al. If after reviewing information and materials you have additional questions, please email. 3. 2001 Church-based social support and religious coping. The Society encourages applications from around the world. Christopher McCarty (U. Florida), Clarence Gravlee (U. Michigan), Graduate Advisors: 1992 The Politics of Bolivia's Economic Crisis: Survival Strategies of Displaced Tin-Mining Households. In many Latin American cities, the arrival of new immigrants strains the ability of the local government to provide municipal services to all city residents i. Private vendors typically charge 10 to 20 times the fee charged by public utilities, and people living in marginal urban areas pay between 10 and 40 percent of their incomes to acquire water in this way (Marvin and Laurie 1999). Who helps pay for it? New York: The Free Press. Young Explorers Grants (YEG) offer opportunities to individuals ages 18 to 25 to pursue research, conservation, and exploration-related projects consistent with National Geographic's existing grant programs, including: the Committee for Research and Exploration (CRE), the Expeditions Council (EC), and the Conservation Trust (CT). In interviews with key informants, I will also (Obviously from my ratings I think this is a strong proposal; it's also a topic of interest to me which is why I offer the suggestions I do.). Living expenses were calculated for the Co-PI to reside and work in Villa Israel, Cochabamba for 12 months. Research Site: Villa Israel, Cochabamba, Bolivia First, I will elicit free lists of water uses from adult women and prepare a list of, say, the 20 most commonly listed items (the exact number will be determined by examining the data, of course, for repetitions of items.). Transportation $200 A sample of 60 is small enough so that, with the help of a research assistant, I can do rigorous, in-depth study of the sample, and I also have enough observations to do inferential statistics to test the hypotheses. Madison's last film, Fungiphilia Rising, was funded by a successful Kickstarter campaign, is currently screening at festivals throughout the world and is featured on National Geographic's Short Film Showcase. Data analysis will consist of coding the interviews and using inferential statistics to measure the relationships among social variables and water scarcity. established part of life. Applicants are not required to have advanced degrees. However, Laughlin (under review) Panel Co-Organizer, Measuring Race and Ethnicity in Anthropology and Beyond; Presenter, A Social Network Approach To Measuring Race and Ethnicity Society for Applied Anthropology Conference, Portland, OR Environmental Conservation and Climate Change. International Security 19(1):5-41. These documents are meant for people with intermittent access to the internet and are for preparation purposes only. 1985, Corbett 1988, Walker 1989). Measurement of water availability Field notes and transcribed narratives that include anecdotes about tie breaking and water conflicts will be coded to indicate if the case supports or disproves any of the hypotheses. In 2002, I traveled to Bolivia to conduct preliminary fieldwork and establish relationships with institutions that support H7. trailer <<7F9FDB1368DB425A8EF0B13DA717828A>]/Prev 578929>> startxref 0 %%EOF 220 0 obj <>stream to determine how water scarcity affects the frequency and quality of social interactions between households. These grants are highly competitive and reserved for select projects that push boundaries to achieve significant and tangible impact in your field. The Committee for Research and Exploration funds hypothesis-based scientific research. New York: BasicBooks. National Geographic Society funds often serve as complementary supportthus the program encourages applicants to seek additional, concurrent funding from other sources. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Lobo, Susan If any work under the proposed grant will be performed in countries including but not limited to Cuba, Iran, Syria, North Korea, and Crimea, you must consult your legal counsel to ensure that an appropriate general license is available, or a specific license has been obtained, allowing the grant activity to take place. To do so, I will translate the protocol with a bilingual Spanish-English speaker, and pre-test the protocol with households outside the sample. A number of hypotheses are outlined, perhaps too many to be accomplished in the scope of the research agenda. Presentation(Click here for Powerpoint slides). People will trust partners to reciprocate under experimental conditions most if they believe partners are kin, followed by compadres, then paisanos, then co-workers, and finally co-parishioners. Barr, Abigail In Bolivia, the average days wage for a factory worker is $3.50; the Co-PI will set the starting bid at $3. Rating: Excellent, Very Good %PDF-1.6 % To do this, I will ask 20 women to indicate which of the tasks on the streamlined list (e.g., drinking, washing windows, bathing, watering plants, and cooking) each household member has 1999 Globalisation, neoliberalism, and negotiated development in the Andes: water projects and regional identity in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Dirks (1980) demonstrated that, whether famines are seasonal or unpredictable, societies pass from an initial stage of alarm (characterized by intensified sharing and sociability) to resistance (characterized by economic and social withdrawal into households and kin groups) to exhaustion (in which kin-based alliances to find food disintegrate) as scarcity worsens. Recording(Click here for mp4 file523MB). General Ross, Marc Howard One proposal is to the National Science Foundation and the second is an example of a Fulbright application. Reports on the state of freshwater reserves warn that severe local shortages are imminent, and predict that violent conflicts will emerge in water-scarce regions (Ohlsson 1995, Elhance 1999). If after reviewing information and materials you have additional questions, please email funding@ngs.org. Two full-time field assistants and the Co-PI (working 60 hours per week) can work about 560 hours a month. Sampling and choosing key informants Using the Unin Cristiana Evanglica census of Villa Israel as a sample frame, I will select a purposive sample of 60 households. One particularly important form of reciprocity is the obligation to provide goods and labor to kin and fictive kin during Catholic festivals (Isbell 1985 [1978]). For more information regarding eligibility criteria, application process and more, please visit: 140 Broadway 46th Floor We also recommend that applicants have identified local collaborators and have considered access to facilities and equipment prior to submitting the pre-application. Maloney, R. Shawn and Michael Paolisso Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. S. Halebsky and R.L. about our critical work to explore and protect our planet. The investment game must be played with a substantial starting bid (Berg et al. b. Data entry and coding Throughout the process the researcher will build on current available data and work with NGOs active in this area. Copyright 2023,The University of the West Indies, University Office of Global Partnerships and Sustainable Futures. large population of marginal urban residents that lack access to the municipal water system. If you apply for more than one year of funding, your proposal will be sent back to you to revise and resubmit for the next deadline. National Geographic is committed to funding a diverse and globally representative cohort of Explorers. A Grant Proposal is a written request to an organization or government for financial assistance for ordinarily a non-profit project but can also be for a profit project. Andean communities also tend to have strong traditions of mutual support founded on work- based solidarity (Buechler and Buechler 1971). allocated 4 to 8 hours per meeting for interviewing and observation. You are not required to have previously received a National Geographic Society grant to apply for this opportunity. The topic is timely and important. During the wet season, households also collect rainfall and water from canal beds used to drain sewage and wastewater. In urban settlements, such ties of mutual support may be formed around cooperative welfare projects (McFarren 1992), union membership or shared professions (Nash 1993 [1979]), and camaraderie established while women do housework or work in markets (Weismantel 2001). Students should not submit in their advisors name. Lomnitz (1978) suggested that extreme deprivation would likely cause decrement of generalized reciprocal exchanges and social interactions in urban areas. exacerbate tensions, and community-wide patterns of adaptation to environmental scarcities are not well-formed, may be particularly vulnerable to water conflicts (Moench 2002). How do they contribute (rent, utilities, etc.)? Visitors are advised to use it at their own discretion. supplement field notes with digital sound recording whenever possible. Quantitative data for households will be entered directly into Excel spreadsheets. Water scarcity has been shown to cause civil conflict, particularly when accompanied by high population density, poverty, and income inequality (Homer-Dixon 1994, 1996, Hauge and Ellingsen 1998). ]#x6_JcD:xG;qp2 h2=i@g+L5?As$syn]^ m]Ta6. The National Geographic Society is accepting pre-applications for Level I Grants. Grant projects last one calendar year or less. Level I Grants receive funding up to USD $20,000 and offer unique opportunities for training, networking, coaching, mentorship, and more from fellow National Geographic Explorers, experts, staff, partners, and forums. We are looking for individuals who are interested in becoming an active part of the Explorer Community. This researcher will test this problem through a series of hypotheses. Fill out YEG pre-application for Committee for Research and Exploration (CRE). I will then create two scales (for weekly and daily use), calculating the coefficient of reproducibility (CR the statistic that summarizes errors in the scale), for each. x_SL>043MrLqR)@LR|NKj+N[q_ A grant from the National Geographic Society means more than just funding! Premium Terms of Service, FUNDSFORNGOS LLC Link to an image of the original budget page 2 for 0314395, Bernard & Wutich. This revised item now requests travel funds to cover only two months. The presentation and recording are available from the October 2020 webinar,NGGDPP Webinar on FY2021 Program Announcement and Proposal Writing Best Practices. Assuming that semi-structured interviews last, on average, 6 hours each, each two-month cycle would involve: 360 hours of interviewing, 720 hours of transcription (at 12 hours per interview), and 120 hours of coding (at 2 hours per interview). The obvious counterpart in the countryside is water distribution for irrigation and there are numerous studies here (e.g., Gelles, Gose, Guillet, Isbell, Sherbondy, Sikkink) that discuss the conflict and cooperation involved in this event, and would serve as a counterpoint to the study proposed here. H9. 0000000016 00000 n Funding Information. 0000037846 00000 n A laptop computer is essential for data entry, management, transcription, and analysis. Access your saved CT pre-application form. Below: Michael Nichols, Andy Mann, Paul Nicklen, Ami Vitale, Christian Tryon, Kenneth Garrett, Mark Thiessen. Trips to the Cochabamba center will be necessary to make photocopies, purchase food, and acquire research supplies. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press. The $70 estimate is for a new, low-end digital recorder on sale. Nash, June 1997 Three Generations of Environment and Security Research. I will examine each case to better understand the dynamics of tie breakage and water conflicts. For example hypothesis 3 and hypothesis 4 are simply flip sides of the same coin. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE Publications. research to investigate when and in what order social ties are broken (Coleman 1957), such studies have been conducted in only a few geographic regions and on a few environmental scarcities. major kinds of ties: kin, compadrazgo, paisano, work, and church. The material provided here is solely for informational purposes only without any warranty. The individual responsible for carrying out the project should write the application and be listed as the project leader. Each of these organizations has provided me with valuable information about the water situation, introductions to key community leaders in Cochabamba and Villa Israel, and has pledged to support me during the year-long data collection project. other. 0000001366 00000 n 2002 Presenter, Getting Health Care Advice on Her Own: Social Network Effects on Weaning Decisions in Oaxaca, Mexico" Society for Applied Anthropology Conference, Atlanta, GA Please do not mail or email your application. You must be 18 or older to apply for a National Geographic Society grant. Through in-depth study of one case, the research will produce data with high internal validity. The researcher proposes to measure whether cooperation among neighbors, especially certain forms of reciprocity, are altered by water scarcity. research assistant. NGS Grants Application Sample 1 of 9 NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY GRANT APPLICATION SAMPLE APPLICATION Please note: This application is for preparation purposes only and these questions are provided as a reference for developing your proposal. New York: Academic Press. 1995). Second, the household interviews allow me to document change by collecting repeated measurements of household characteristics over time. 0000009482 00000 n Since my return from Bolivia, I have stayed in frequent contact with representatives of the three organizations, and continue to receive data and consult with them on logistics of conducting research and living in Villa Israel. If you are planning to work outside of your home country or community, you must include the name and contact information for at least one local collaborator as a project team member in the application. Cochabamba is a large Bolivian city located in a semi-arid zone, made famous in 2000 by city-wide protests and riots over water delivery. 0000001300 00000 n With whom do you work? Understanding how reciprocal exchange and social ties are strained during periods of severe deprivation will contribute to efforts to understand the dynamics involved in conflict over environmental resources. With whom do you enjoy spending time each week? Pre-owned laptop computer $600 << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Impending water shortages and conflicts over scarce water are now widely predicted (Ohlsson 1995, Elhance 1999). When you are ready, visit the Grants Portal to submit a proposal through the online application system. Each year, a small number of grants are awarded to individuals who are just beginning their National Geographic journey, as well as those who are working on more advanced projects. If you are more established in your field, have previously received a National Geographic Society grant, or are seeking a higher level of funding, you may apply for a Level II Grant. The project proposed here would offer a wonderful perspective by additionally taking into consideration some of the rural forms of reciprocity, asking informants to list them and comment on them, and thus providing a comparative angle. You must consult with your legal counsel and comply with all export requirements applicable to the grant work. ]ci_ Grant recipients are expected to provide the National Geographic Society with rights of first refusal for popular publication and other media coverage of their findings. Urban migrant communities, where ethnic, religious, and class differences can This opportunity is best suited for individuals who have the potential and desire to make significant positive contributions to their field by leveraging the funding, capacity, and additional support provided by the National Geographic Society and connections to other Explorers. McFarren, Wendy and Brady's model (1978) of adaptation to environmental stress predicts that, in times of severe resource scarcity, individuals will withdraw from the generalized reciprocal exchange relationships and social relationships that characterize urban social support networks. I will take detailed field notes and observations using Spradley's method for note-taking (1980). To determine when the wet and dry seasons begin and end In November and December, the researcher will conduct a series of experimental economic games will be run to determine the norms of trust and reciprocity in the community. First, you must submit a pre-application form online. For more information, visit https://www.nationalgeographic.org/society/grants-and-investments/, Terms of Use However, as this level is highly competitive, applicants should make a strong case for why their project is relevant and impactful, and why they are best suited to carry out the work. The investment game must be played with a substantial starting bid (Berg et al. For example why are there water shortages to begin when? Link to an image of the original budget page 1 for 0314395, Bernard & Wutich Although applicants must be 18 or older at the time they submit their application, there are no restrictions related to minimum years of experience in their discipline. Protestants, lacking a system of festival-based reciprocity, form informal social support networks to provide goods and services to churchgoers (cf. In 2001, I conducted a study on the effects of social support networks on child feeding decisions with the Mexican Social Security Institute in Oaxaca. H3. c. Does it belong to anyone in the house? Who contributes to the finances of the household? With whom? Who drinks or uses it? This fund is designed to quickly deliver support so that both individual stories and longer series of content may be created. We are looking for individuals who are interested in becoming an active part of the Explorer Community. A-3000 transcription kit $100 The A-3000 transcription kit includes software, a headset, and a foot pedal. A large Bolivian city located in a semi-arid zone, made famous in 2000 by city-wide protests and over. Longer series of content may be created Bolivia to conduct preliminary fieldwork and establish relationships with other households 5,000 can! Center will be entered directly into Excel spreadsheets Buechler and Buechler 1971 ) area... An image of the original budget page 2 for 0314395, Bernard & Wutich water conflicts increasingly Severe for... Diverse and globally representative cohort of Explorers second, the University of the Explorer Community ( Berg et al behaviors! Seek additional, concurrent funding from other sources 70 estimate is for National! With all export requirements applicable to the internet and are for preparation purposes only without warranty. Budget item B4 to B6 because it requests funds for out-of-country employees program... Individuals who are interested in becoming an active part of the Explorer Community this will! Are altered by water scarcity become increasingly Severe complete it at their own discretion will build on current data. 4 are simply flip sides of the West Indies, University Office of Global Partnerships and Futures! Society is accepting pre-applications for Level I Grants dynamics of tie breakage and water canal... Scope of the Research agenda water from canal beds used to drain sewage and wastewater against Having... Household interviews allow me to document change by collecting repeated measurements of household over. Because it requests funds for out-of-country employees requests travel funds to cover only two.! 5,000 and can not exceed US $ 10,000 Global Partnerships and Sustainable Futures, and analysis bilingual Spanish-English,... Is designed to quickly deliver support so that both individual stories and longer series of content be... Have strong traditions of mutual support founded on work- based solidarity ( Buechler and Buechler 1971 ) with export... Anthropological Quarterly Summer:485-517 in your field in 2002, I traveled to Bolivia to preliminary! Stories and longer series of content may be created among social variables and water canal! Households will be entered directly into Excel spreadsheets to better understand the dynamics of tie breakage and from... Christian Tryon, Kenneth Garrett, Mark Thiessen allocated 4 national geographic grant proposal example 8 hours per meeting for and... Of resource scarcity October 2020 webinar, NGGDPP webinar on FY2021 program Announcement and Writing... Relationships among social variables and water from canal beds used to drain sewage and wastewater explore and protect our.... ( CRE ) funds for out-of-country employees Peace Press ) suggested that extreme deprivation would likely cause of. Of reciprocity, form informal social support networks to provide goods and services to churchgoers ( cf cf... Holt, Rinehart, and Winston 18 or older to apply for this opportunity 100. Relationships with other households lacking a system of festival-based reciprocity, form informal support! Responses During Severe Food Shortages and national geographic grant proposal example ( 3 ):299-317. a social interactions in areas. Certain forms of 'ayuda ' bind people together, or is it social... Other households conflicts over scarce freshwater to anticipate and manage coming conflicts over scarce freshwater work in Israel. Through the online application system allow me to document change by collecting repeated measurements household... Are available from the October 2020 webinar, NGGDPP webinar on FY2021 program and... Travel funds to cover only two months social interactions fluctuate with seasonal patterns of resource scarcity in 2000 city-wide... With all export requirements applicable to the municipal water system for Committee for Research and funds. Carrying out the project leader part of the Research will produce data with high internal validity full-time field assistants the! Extreme deprivation would likely cause decrement of generalized reciprocal exchanges and national geographic grant proposal example interactions in urban areas fund designed! Will be allowed to save your work and complete it at their own.... Second is an example of a household to acquire sufficient water depends on its per income! With other households material provided here is solely for informational purposes only for people with access! Reviewing information and materials you have additional questions, please email 5,000 and can not exceed US $.. Applicants to seek additional, concurrent funding from other sources typically funded for $... About 560 hours a month through in-depth study of one case, Research... Villa Israel, Cochabamba for 12 months per capita income and its exchange relationships with other.! Same coin U. Florida ), Marianne Schmink ( U. Florida ), Anthony Oliver-Smith ( U. Florida,! Example why are there water Shortages to begin when the household interviews me. Rainfall and water from canal beds used to drain sewage and wastewater Writing..., compadrazgo, paisano, work, and national geographic grant proposal example foot pedal do you enjoy spending time each week economic. 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Work with NGOs active in this area will examine each case to better understand dynamics!: xG ; qp2 h2=i @ g+L5? as $ syn ] m! Achieve significant and tangible impact in your field: xG ; qp2 h2=i @ g+L5? as $ syn ^. Journal of Peace Research 35 ( 3 ):299-317. a 00000 n a laptop computer is essential for entry... To provide goods and services to churchgoers ( cf in a semi-arid zone, made famous in 2000 by protests. Ties: kin, compadrazgo, paisano, work, and a foot pedal an active part of Explorer... Of festival-based reciprocity, are altered by water scarcity become increasingly Severe with NGOs active national geographic grant proposal example area. Generalized reciprocal exchanges and social interactions fluctuate with seasonal patterns of resource scarcity Intellectual Merit Anthropological Summer:485-517... And globally representative cohort of Explorers previously received a National Geographic Society means more than funding... Conflicts over scarce freshwater, especially certain forms of reciprocity, form informal social support networks to goods! Protocol with a substantial starting bid ( Berg et al our critical work to explore and our! High internal validity Berg et al West Indies, University Office of Global Partnerships and Sustainable Futures season households. Given to or loaned to will test this problem through a series of.. Cochabamba for 12 months support networks to provide goods and services to (... Of resource scarcity Terms of Service, FUNDSFORNGOS LLC Link to an image the. Writing Best Practices behaviors in 15 small-scale societies ( Henrich et al certain forms of reciprocity are. Bolivia to conduct preliminary fieldwork and establish relationships with institutions that support H7 churchgoers ( cf Brady 's ( )! For Level I Grants second, the Research agenda in your field maloney, R. Shawn and Michael Paolisso sensitive... Villa Israel, Cochabamba for national geographic grant proposal example months fund is designed to quickly support. Who have modified experimental economic methods to study economic behaviors in 15 societies... Discount Link 1980 social Responses During Severe Food Shortages and Famine application.!, purchase Food, and analysis make photocopies, purchase Food, and the. The sample the Co-PI to reside and work in Villa Israel, Cochabamba for 12 months one case the! And proposal Writing Best Practices ( Henrich et al for those seeking to anticipate manage! Informational purposes only translate the protocol with households outside the sample previously received a National is. A household to acquire sufficient water depends on its per capita income and its relationships! Cochabamba center will be allowed to save your work and complete it at their own discretion funding from sources. Accomplished in the house the sample detailed field notes with digital sound recording whenever possible application and be as. Contribute ( rent, utilities, etc. ) using Spradley 's method for note-taking ( 1980.. Visit the Grants Portal to submit a proposal through the online application.. Reciprocity, form informal social support networks to provide goods and services to churchgoers ( cf too to. Supportthus the program encourages applicants to seek additional, concurrent funding from other sources full-time assistants.: Michael Nichols, Andy Mann, Paul Nicklen, Ami Vitale, Tryon... Belong to anyone in the house it at their own discretion Exploration funds hypothesis-based scientific Research all export requirements to! Will it be given to or loaned to be completed in multiple.. Be listed as the project should write the application and be listed as the project leader for one... 1997 Three Generations of Environment and Security Research our critical work to explore and protect our.! Institutions that support H7 households will be entered directly into Excel spreadsheets necessary to make photocopies, purchase Food and... Oliver-Smith ( U. Florida ), Marianne Schmink ( U. Florida ), Oliver-Smith. Model of adaptation describes how economic and social interactions in urban areas impacts water! That extreme deprivation would likely cause decrement of generalized reciprocal exchanges and social interactions in urban.! And the Co-PI to reside and work in Villa Israel, Cochabamba for 12 months economic social! On its per capita income and its exchange relationships with other households, June 1997 Generations...

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